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The Ethics of Research with Human Subjects by
This book provides a framework for approaching ethical and policy dilemmas in research with human subjects from the perspective of trust. It explains how trust is important not only between investigators and subjects but also between and among other stakeholders involved in the research enterprise, including research staff, sponsors, institutions, communities, oversight committees, government agencies, and the general public. The book argues that trust should be viewed as a distinct ethical principle for research with human subjects that complements other principles, such as autonomy, beneficence, non-maleficence, and justice. The book applies the principle of trust to numerous issues, including informed consent, confidentiality, risk minimization, risks and benefits, protection of vulnerable subjects, experimental design, research integrity, and research oversight.This work also includes discussions of the history of research involving human subjects, moral theories and principles, contemporary cases, and proposed regulatory reforms. The book is useful for undergraduate and graduate students studying ethical policy issues related to research with human subjects, as well as for scientists and scholars who are interested in thinking about this topic from the perspective of trust.
ISBN: 9783319886541Publication Date: 2019-06-04
Quality Assessment and Quality Improvement by
Helping human research protection program professionals create, implement, and evaluate quality assurance/quality improvement programs. Quality Assurance and Quality Improvement Handbook for Human Researchis the first comprehensively designed instructional manual aimed at teaching human research protection program (HRPP) professionals how to create, implement, evaluate, and improve QA/QI programs. Geared toward institutions and individuals responsible for establishing new QA/QI programs or functions, the book offers several organizational models for consideration. It also provides practical information for improving and strengthening established programs, both big and small. Written in a conversational style, the book's step-by-step instructions make it easily accessible to those who may not be well versed in QA/QI concepts and fundamentals. Developed by the QA/QI Subcommittee of the Harvard Catalyst Regulatory Foundations, Ethics, and Law Program, which is committed to designing and strengthening QA/QI programs and functions, this volume * includes contributions by fifteen experts with diverse professional experiences from varied organizations * is enhanced with flow charts, examples, sample forms, and templates * incorporates model slide presentations and instructional materials * discusses the respective benefits and challenges of different organizational models * is applicable across many organizational types with a variety of reporting structures and available resources, including academic and medical institutions Perfect for both seasoned personnel and newcomers to the field, Quality Assurance and Quality Improvement Handbook for Human Researchis a needed resource for ensuring investigative accountability. Contributors: Hila Bernstein, MS, MPH, Barbara E. Bierer, MD, Elizabeth Bowie, JD, MPH, MSc, Susan Corl, MSW, MPH, CIP, CCRP, Jacquelyn-My Do, MPH, Lisa Gabel, CIP, Alyssa Gateman, MPH, CCRP, Jennifer A. Graf, Nareg D. Grigorian, Leslie M. Howes, MPH, CIP, Jennifer Hutchinson, CIP, CPIA, Cynthia Monahan, MBA, CIP, Eunice Newbert, MPH, Sarah A. White, MPH, CIP, Elizabeth Witte, MFA
ISBN: 9781421432823Publication Date: 2019-11-05
Sexual and Reproductive Health by
This book is a point-of-care resource for effective sexual and reproductive healthcare for patients of all ages, sexual orientations, gender identities and medical backgrounds in the primary care setting. This useful guide is divided into three parts, and other than part three, which deals exclusively with transgender and gender diverse patients, all content will relate to patients of all gender identities. Part one presents sexual and reproductive health (SRH) using a lifespan approach, including chapters on pediatrics, adolescents and young adults, adults, and older adult patients. Part two presents an approach to common SRH issues that span multiple age groups, including contraception and family planning, sexually transmitted infections and cancer screenings as well as sexual and reproductive health in the setting of common medical conditions. Part three is dedicated to sexual and reproductive health for transgender and gender non-binary patients, including psychosocial, medical, surgical and legal aspects of health. This book provides primary care clinicians with a framework for providing effective sexual and reproductive healthcare to patients of all ages, sexual orientations and gender identities in a way that is inclusive, focuses on health, and addresses the needs unique to specific populations.
ISBN: 9783030946319Publication Date: 2022-06-26
Challenges and Opportunities of MRNA Vaccines Against SARS-CoV-2 by
This book offers an analytical look at the much debated risks and benefits of the newly developed COVID-19 mRNA-vaccines. As such, it is one of the first books to give a comprehensive overview of mRNA vaccines against COVID-19 and the only one that addresses this topic from a broad multidisciplinary background. It brings together insights from various underlying disciplines on the challenges of developing and evaluating the most suitable vaccines for mass vaccination programs enrolled throughout the world - focusing on safety and efficacy. This book should not be missing on the shelf of any biomedical researcher, epidemiologist, public health professional or clinical researcher interested in SARS-CoV2 or virology and vaccine development in general.
ISBN: 9783031189029Publication Date: 2023-01-06
Vaccines As Technology by
The COVID-19 pandemic served as a powerful wake-up call, highlighting our collective need for the effective development and equitable distribution of new vaccines, in addition to widespread administration of existing ones. The current models of production and allocation of vaccines against emerging pathogens, which rely on predominantly market-driven mechanisms, are largely at odds with public health needs. This book is the first to explore the entire arc of vaccine development and distribution, from the decisions about allocation of vaccine R&D money to allocation and administration of vaccines resulting from the R&D process. It explains key concepts and problems in vaccine regulation, intellectual property, technology transfer, and international relations, making complex material accessible to a non-specialist audience. Analyzing the impact of COVID-19, the book also covers several other vaccine races, as well as future directions in vaccine development and allocation.
ISBN: 9781009123396Publication Date: 2022-04-14
Health Care Ethics Through the Lens of Moral Distress by
This book provides a bridge between the theory to practice gap in contemporary health care ethics. It explores the messiness of everyday ethical issues and validates the potential impacts on health care professionals as wounded healers who regularly experience close proximity to suffering and pain. This book speaks to why ethics matters on a personal level and how moral distress experiences can be leveraged instead of hidden. The book offers contributions to both scholarship and the profession. Nurses, physicians, social workers, allied health care professionals, as well as academics and students will benefit from this book.
ISBN: 9783030561550Publication Date: 2020-08-28
Clinical Ethics for Consultation Practice by
This book provides a robust analysis of the history of clinical ethics, the philosophical theories that support its practice, and the practical institutional criteria needed to become a practicing clinical ethicist. Featuring cases and a step-by-step approach, this book combines knowledge points associated with moral philosophy and medicine with general skill objectives for ethics consultants. The book aids in developing analytic moral reasoning skills for clinical ethicists, fostering the comprehensive education and professional development of clinical ethics consultants. In addition, it offers key components of how an ethics consultation curriculum manifest in an educational venue for clinical ethicists are illustrated. Adaptable and relevant for educating multiple disciplines in health care, this resource enables ethicists to understand the philosophical foundations and practical application of clinical ethics.
ISBN: 9783030901813Publication Date: 2021-11-27
Clinical Ethics on Film by
This book discusses feature films that enrich our understanding of doctor-patient dilemmas. The book comprises clinical ethics themes,general clinical ethics themes and principles and is written in accessible language. Each theme is discussed and illuminated in chapters devoted to a particular film. Chapters start with a discussion of the film itself, which shares details behind the making of the film; box-office and critical reception; casting; and other facts about production. The chapter then situates the film in a history of medicine and medical sociology context before it delves into the clinical ethics issues in the film, and how to use it as a teaching aid for clinical ethics. Readers will understand how each film in this collection served to bring particular clinical ethics issues to the public's attention or reflected medico-legal issues that were part of the public discourse. The book is a perfect instructor's guide for anyone teaching bioethics, ethics, medical sociology, medical history, healthcare systems, narrative medicine, or nursing ethics.
ISBN: 9783319903736Publication Date: 2018-08-20
Healthcare Ethics on Film by
This book is a companion to Clinical Ethics on Film and deals specifically with the myriad of healthcare ethics dilemmas. While Clinical Ethics on Film focuses on bedside ethics dilemmas that affect the healthcare provider-patient relationship, Healthcare Ethics on Film provides a wider lens on ethics dilemmas that interfere with healthcare delivery, such as healthcare access, discrimination, organizational ethics, or resource allocation. The book features detailed and comprehensive chapters on the Tuskegee Study, AIDS, medical assistance in dying, the U.S. healthcare system, reproductive justice, transplant ethics, pandemic ethics and more. Healthcare Ethics on Film is the perfect tool for remote or live teaching. It's designed for medical educators and healthcare professionals teaching any aspect of bioethics, healthcare ethics or the health sciences, including medical humanities, history of medicine and health law. It is also useful to the crossover market of film buffs and other readers involved in healthcare or bioethics.
ISBN: 9783030488178Publication Date: 2020-10-01
Regulating Human Research by
Institutional review boards (IRBs) are panels charged with protecting the rights of humans who participate in research studies ranging from biomedicine to social science. Regulating Human Research provides a fresh look at these influential and sometimes controversial boards, tracing their historic transformation from academic committees to compliance bureaucracies: non-governmental offices where specialized staff define and apply federal regulations. In opening the black box of contemporary IRB decision-making, author Sarah Babb argues that compliance bureaucracy is an adaptive response to the dynamics and dysfunctions of American governance. Yet this solution has had unforeseen consequences, including the rise of a profitable ethics review industry.
ISBN: 9781503611221Publication Date: 2020-01-21
Social Determinants Public Health Ethics gallery
Integrating a Social Determinants of Health Framework into Nursing Education by
The purpose of this ground-breaking Textbook is to describe and illustrate, with pedagogical features, the process by which social determinants of health (SDOH) has been integrated throughout all courses in the Nell Hodgson Woodruff School of Nursing. Specifically, the authors describe initial steps to develop a comprehensive SDOH model for nursing education, followed by rigorously designed faculty educational materials, exemplars of SDOH instructional materials, and evaluation of this process from faculty and students. It describes a comprehensive framework that guides the development, implementation, and evaluation of SDOH across the pre-licensure and post-licensure curriculum and illustrate the process integrating SDOH throughout all aspects of didactic, simulation, and clinical education. Among the subjects addressed, the history of nursing and SDOH and the value of SDOH content in nursing courses to alleviate health disparities are described and mandates to integrate SDOH content into nursing curriculum by the leading nursing organizations are summarized. The authors also include a review of existing SDOH frameworks used in public health and medicine and present a comprehensive SDOH model for nursing education. A SDOH educational course content for faculty is detailed (Social Determinants of Health 101) and exemplars from faculty and students are provided along with an evaluation after the first year. The authors conclude with a discussion from faculty leadership; what they learned and their suggestions to other nursing programs. Although there are books published, no books exist on this topic for nursing education and practicing nurses, yet SDOH is foundational to nursing curriculum and practice. The leading nursing organizations are all mandating that SDOH be integrated into nursing courses. Hence this textbook will be a key resource for Schools of Nursing in the US and globally. The intended audience of this book are leaders and faculty of nursing education programs, national professional nursing organizations, practicing nurses at hospitals and health systems, community and public health agencies, and ambulatory care.
ISBN: 9783031213465Publication Date: 2023-02-11
Necessary Conversations by
This is an open access title available under the terms of a CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license. It is free to read at Oxford Scholarship Online and offered as a free PDF download from OUP and selected open access locations.Necessary Conversations: Understanding Racism as a Barrier to Achieving Health Equity reflects the conviction that a true prioritization of health in our communities is impossible without a commitment to racial equity. Drawing on the pivotal social events of 2020 in America, it extends a powerfulcall to action based on a growing body of evidence that racism is the underlying cause of so many poor health outcomes. Contributors across health, education, law, and media further the longstanding work of the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation to create a "Culture of Health" by engaging in authenticdiscussions about the systems and structures that harm people of color and offering provocative ideas and strategies to inspire action.Necessary Conversations ultimately highlights the importance of building leadership and partnerships through those who are most affected in the community. It considers what it would take to overhaul institutions that treat people differently on the basis of race and recognizes that we all must shareresources and join together to support the advancement of health and racial equity.
ISBN: 9780197641477Publication Date: 2022-06-24
Me vs. Us by
How can we care so much about health care yet so little about public health?Before Covid-19, public health programs constituted only 2.5 percent of all US health spending, with the other 97.5 percent going towards the larger health care system. In fact, the United States spends on average $11,000 per citizen per year on health care, but only $286 per person on publichealth. It seems that Americans value health care, the medical care of individuals, over public health, the well-being of collections of people.In Me vs. Us, primary care doctor and public health advocate Michael Stein takes a hard, insightful look at the larger questions behind American health and health care. He offers eight reasons why our interest in the technologies and delivery of health care supersedes our interest in public healthand its focus on the core social, economic, and environmental forces that shape health. Stein documents how public health has continually "lost out" to medicine--from a loss in funding and resources to how we view our personal priorities--and suggests how public health may hold the solutions to ourmost concerning crises, from pandemics to obesity to climate change.Me vs. Us concludes that individual and public health are inseparable. In the end, Stein argues, we need to recover and sharpen our sense of health based on a reverent appreciation of both perspectives.
ISBN: 9780197637562Publication Date: 2022-09-02
Justice in Health by
Inequities and health disparities are the greatest and most pressing social issues of our time. This book explores public health practice through the critical lens of social and structural justice by examining our approach to health and what it means to be healthy, systemically and structurally. Through recent events, the raw reality of health disparities and inequities have been exposed. These events are earmarked by COVID-19's decimating and disparate impacts on Black and Brown populations during one of the greatest social movements of our time to end racism. Since this very public explosion of intersecting forms of oppression and inequitable suffrage, many have clamored to make sense of it, to reframe our narratives toward action, and re-envision what progress and change could look like. This text is positioned as a tool to help professionals dismantle old ways of thinking while reconstructing new ones that can be more responsive in meeting the realities of today. The author challenges the reader to think about public health more deeply and pragmatically as the space for reconciling solutions to these poignant health issues. This requires the exploration of an ideological shift in how we think of health, how we prepare healthcare providers outside of an antiquated sick care system, and how we prioritize the determinants of health across a re-imagined continuum of care. The scope of this book ranges from a historical and structural examination of our beliefs about health to perceiving a more just system of care where health is intentionally co-created toward this aim. It intentionally explores health along the lines of equity and through the broader lens of the social determinants of health to shed light on the opportunity in this moment that public health creates for health care. Justice in Health is a timely and important resource for healthcare professionals (pre- and post-licensure) and healthcare decision-makers. The book also appeals more widely to instructors, academics, researchers, and students across disciplines of nursing, medicine, public heath, sociology, and social work.
ISBN: 9783031185038Publication Date: 2022-11-28
Health Equity, Diversity, and Inclusion by
The Second Edition of this forward-thinking text goes beyond the discussion of health disparities to highlight the importance of health equity. As the new title suggests, Health Equity, Diversity and Inclusion: Context, Controversies, and Solutions helps the reader understand key social justice issues relevant to health disparities and/or health equity, taking the reader from the classroom to the real world to implement new solutions.Key Features:- Two new chapters: one on the impact of urban education on urban health (Ch 4) and another covering the elderly and health equity (Ch 10)- Updated and enhanced coverage on men's health, demographic data, the importance of cultural proficiency, maternal mortality and Black women, and much more.- Current trends and movements, including the role of social media in the provision of health care information for improved health literacy; mass incarceration and criminal justice reform; and new efforts toward resolving health disparities.- Case studies and problems that engage students in thinking about health disparities/equity and diversity issues and prompt them to consider possible solutions.
ISBN: 9781284197792Publication Date: 2020-03-13
Pediatric Collections: Social Determinants of Health: Part 1: Underserved Communities by
Pediatric Collections offers what you need to know - original, focused research in a snapshot approach. Youths who are negatively affected by social determinants of health suffer adverse effects like increased risks of chronic health conditions and mental health issues. Part 1 of this series describes many underserved communities and the various ways their status affects their health. Members of these vulnerable communities include foster children, runaway youths, immigrants, Black, Latinx, Native American, and other children from minority racial groups, LGBTQ+ youths, and children living in poverty. This collection describes the challenges faced by each of these populations and how that adversity shapes their present and future health.
ISBN: 9781610026345Publication Date: 2022-03-28
Pediatric Collections: Social Determinants of Health: Part 2: Effects of Inequity by
Pediatric Collections offers what you need to know - original, focused research in a snapshot approach. Youths who are negatively affected by social determinants of health suffer adverse effects like increased risks of chronic health conditions and mental health issues. Part 2 of this series describes the adverse effects social determinants of health can have on vulnerable children around the world. The impact of social determinants such as racism, discrimination, poverty, and limited access to care can lead to adverse effects such as poor mental health, diabetes, heart disease, substance abuse, complications during childbirth, suicide, and unexpected death. This collection describes the ways in which these social determinants can produce negative outcomes for children in the present and future.
ISBN: 9781610026369Publication Date: 2022-04-30
Narrative Ethics in Public Health: the Value of Stories by
This Open Access book illustrates the power of stories to illuminate ethical concerns that arise in public health. It complements epidemiological or surveillance evidence, and reveals stakeholder perspectives crucial for public health practitioners to develop effective and ethical public health interventions. Because it relies on the natural and universal appeal of stories, the book also serves to introduce the field of public health to students considering a career in public health. The opening section of the book also serves as a more didactic introduction to public health ethics and the field of narrative ethics. It describes the field of public health ethics including ethical principles relevant to public health practice and research, and the advantages of a narrative ethics approach. That approach explores the problems and the ethical challenges of public health from the inside, from the perspective of those experiencing health problems to the challenges of those who must address these problems. The later sections consist of 14 chapters that present the actual stories of these public health problems and challenges. In narrative style they range from first person narratives of both practitioners and citizens, to analysis of published short stories. The problems and challenges they address include issues relating to justice concerns, surveillance and stigma, community values and the value of community, trust and the value of information, and freedom and responsibility. Specific public health topics include resource allocation, restricting liberty to protect the community from health threats, and the health impact of trauma, addiction, obesity and health disparities.
ISBN: 9783030914431Publication Date: 2022-04-13
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Encyclopedias in Ethics - For Gallery
Encyclopedia of Ethics by
This encyclopedia presents important research on ethics. The five set volume includes discussions on religious, spiritual, economic, political, medical, environmental, and business ethics.
ISBN: 9781634834797Publication Date: 2016-01-01
Encyclopedia of Religious Ethics by
A comprehensive, innovative, and authoritative view of moral inquiry engaged with the resources of the world's religions Encompassing three comprehensive volumes, the Encyclopedia of Religious Ethics introduces fundamental issues in moral inquiry, explores the world's major moral traditions, and surveys specific moral issues across a wide range of human experiences. This landmark work defines the meaning, task, and various forms of religious ethics to guide readers through critical inquiry of religious and moral life across historical periods, geography, and cultural traditions. The Encyclopedia features contributions by an extraordinary panel of ethicists, historians, theologians, philosophers, political theorists, and other experts that draw from and revise religious sources to explore basic themes in moral theory and address contemporary ethical and political problems. Each volume is devoted to a particular element of religious ethics. Volume I - Moral Inquiry helps readers understand diverse religious and moral traditions, the social practices and institutions used for their transmission, and the methods and approaches used for their comparison. Volume II - Moral Tradition describes the established historical traditions of Judaism, Christianity, Islam, Buddhism, Indian religions, Chinese religions, African religions, and religions of the Americas. Volume III - Moral Issues provides the conceptual resources for understanding the structures, conditions, and challenges of a wide range of moral issues that religious ethicists have engaged, and for appreciating the contributions of different scholars in the field. Unique in its topical depth and scope, the Encyclopedia of Religious Ethics: Provides diverse historical, contemporary, theoretical, and cultural perspectives on numerous religious and moral traditions Represents the richness of thought of a vast range of renowned scholars from various disciplines, traditions, and cultures Examines some of the most significant theories, approaches, and concepts that have been used to compare traditions of religious ethics Discusses recent developments in religious and moral life and new approaches to the study of religious ethics Introduces practices in current religious communities that address the various dimensions of the moral life Dedicated to understanding and addressing moral challenges and possibilities in our global times, the Encyclopedia of Religious Ethics is an indispensable resource for anyone interested in the relation between religion and ethics in the modern world, including those involved in general and comparative religious studies, religious and comparative ethics, and moral theory.
ISBN: 9781118499528Publication Date: 2022-06-25
